Knee
Replacement
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Knee replacements are surgical treatments for pain or loss of function due to knee arthritis or cartilage loss. More accurately called resurfacing, the procedure involves removing a thin layer of damaged bone and replacing it with a metal implant. There are two types: partial and total knee replacements.
The knee has three compartments: medial, lateral, and patella femoral. A total knee replacement is performed when all three compartments have arthritis or cartilage loss, while a partial replacement targets only one damaged compartment. Partial knee replacements are less invasive and offer faster recovery, but they may require conversion to a total knee replacement later if arthritis develops in the untouched compartments.
Only 5-10% of patients are suitable for partial knee replacement. Surgeons assess eligibility using imaging techniques, but the most reliable method is direct examination during surgery. If there is no significant wear in the other two compartments, a partial knee replacement is performed; otherwise, a total knee replacement is conducted.
Recovering from a knee replacement can be challenging due to the need to regain range of motion before scar tissue matures. The knee often becomes swollen and painful, requiring patients to push through the pain to bend and straighten the knee to restore range of motion.
The recovery process typically takes about two months. The first two weeks involve light range of motion exercises at home. The more intensive work occurs between weeks two and eight, during a formal physical therapy program. This focuses on straightening and bending the knee, strengthening the quadriceps and hamstrings, and alleviating surgical pain.
Knee replacement recovery is difficult because patients must push through pain to regain range of motion. It is crucial to be prepared for this challenge and to commit to the rehabilitation process to achieve the best results.
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What is hip replacement surgery?Hip replacement surgery is a procedure in which a damaged or worn-out hip joint is replaced with an artificial implant. This surgery aims to relieve pain, improve mobility and restore the normal function of the hip joint. The artificial joint, also known as a prosthesis, is made of metal, ceramic, or plastic materials and is designed to mimic the natural movement of a healthy hip joint.
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Who are the ideal candidates for hip replacement surgery?Ideal candidates for hip replacement surgery are individuals who experience chronic hip pain, reduced mobility and an impaired quality of life due to hip joint damage or degeneration. Common causes of hip joint damage include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, hip fractures and certain congenital conditions. A thorough evaluation by an orthopedic surgeon is necessary to determine if a patient is a suitable candidate for the procedure.
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What are the different types of hip replacement surgery?There are two primary types of hip replacement surgery: total hip replacement (THR) and hip resurfacing. In a THR, the damaged parts of the hip joint, including the femoral head and the acetabulum are removed and replaced with artificial components. Hip resurfacing involves removing only the damaged surface of the femoral head and covering it with a metal cap, while the acetabulum is replaced with an artificial component. The choice between these procedures depends on factors such as the patient's age, bone quality and the extent of joint damage.
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What is the recovery process like after hip replacement surgery?Recovery from hip replacement surgery varies depending on the individual and the specific surgical approach. Patients typically start walking with the assistance of a walker or crutches after waking up from the surgery. Physical therapy begins soon after the procedure and continues for several weeks or months. Most patients can resume normal daily activities within 4 to 8 weeks, but full recovery may take up to 6 months or longer.
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What are the risks and complications associated with hip replacement surgery?As with any surgery, hip replacement carries certain risks and complications. Some of the potential complications include infection, blood clots, dislocation, nerve damage, leg length discrepancy and implant failure. It is essential to discuss these risks with your surgeon and follow their recommendations to minimize the likelihood of complications.
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How long do hip replacement implants last?Hip replacement implants generally last for 15 to 20 years or even longer. However, the lifespan of an implant depends on various factors, such as the patient's age, activity level and the type of implant used. Some patients may require a revision surgery to replace a worn-out or failed implant.
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Can I participate in sports or other physical activities after hip replacement surgery?Most patients can return to low-impact activities, such as walking, swimming and cycling after recovering from hip replacement surgery. However, high-impact activities, like running or playing contact sports, may not be recommended as they can increase the risk of implant wear and failure. It is crucial to consult with your surgeon before resuming any physical activities.
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What are the alternatives to hip replacement surgery?Alternatives to hip replacement surgery include non-surgical treatments such as activity modifications, pain management with anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy and cortisone injections. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the joint damage and the patient's overall health and preferences.
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